Sun or shade. The white flowers produce small, edible, hot peppers later in the season. Chiltepín is widely culivated, being the origin of many sweet peppers, bell peppers, hot chilis, and chili powders, from cayenne to paprika. Despite its “annual” name, it will survive mild winters and releaf in spring, eventually growing into a small bush. Mockingbirds appreciate the fruit, and plant it near any fenceline.
Consider it a fun addition to the herb garden or any shaded landscape. Preserve it if you can, because the wild form can be difficult to source from plant vendors. The name often used interchangeably with Chile pequin, but the latter is actually a domesticated and milder version, with a somewhat longer pepper terminating in a point.